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     The scanf function reads the standard input stream stdin, uses
     the format string to interpret the input as data values, and
     assigns those values to the locations specified by the arguments.
 
     The format string can contain format specifications and additional
     ordinary characters. Each specification matches an input field in
     the input stream and corresponds to an argument.
 
     See: ◄Format Specifiers►
          ◄Non-Format Characters►
          ◄Input Fields►
 
     The format string is read from left to right. When a format
     specification is encountered, the input field is interpreted
     according to that specification, and the resulting value is
     assigned to the location specified by the corresponding argument.
     If there are more arguments than specifications, the extra
     arguments are evaluated but ignored. If there are fewer arguments
     than specifications, the results are undefined.
 
     Return Value
 
     The scanf function returns the number of fields converted and
     assigned, which may be less than the number of specifications. The
     return value does not include fields that were read but not
     assigned. The return value is EOF if the end of file or end of
     string is encountered in the first attempt to read a character.
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