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The pages on this site contain documentation for very old MS-DOS software, purely for historical purposes. If you're looking for up-to-date documentation, particularly for programming, you should not rely on the information found here, as it will be woefully out of date.

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 By Reference Vs. By Value
 
 ■ Passing an argument to a procedure "by reference" means that the procedure
   is given the address of the argument. This allows procedures to change the
   argument's value in the calling procedure.
 
 ■ Passing an argument to a procedure "by value" means that the procedure is
   given a value of the argument. This allows the argument to change locally
   in the procedure without affecting the value of the variable in the
   calling procedure.
 
 See: ◄CALL Statement (Basic Procedures)►
      ◄DECLARE Statement (Basic Procedures)►
      ◄FUNCTION Statement►
      ◄SUB Statement►